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ordeal of the bitter water
A ''Sotah'' ((ヘブライ語:שוטה) 〔Spelled "שוטה" in Maimonides' manuscript (http://jnul.huji.ac.il/dl/mss/html/heb5703_h.htm). This spelling recurs in Rabbi Yosef Qafeh's editions of Maimonides' works.〕 / סוטה) is a woman suspected of adultery who undergoes the ordeal of bitter water or ordeal of jealousy as described and prescribed in the Priestly Code, in the Book of Numbers, the fourth book of the Hebrew Bible. The term "Sotah" itself is not found in the Hebrew Bible but is Mishnaic Hebrew based on the verse "if she has strayed" (verb: שטה ''satah'') in Numbers 5:12.〔The Holy Scriptures: Proverbs, with commentary - Julius Hillel Greenstone, Jewish Publication Society of America - 1950 - Page 42 "10.6; 21.10; Num. 5.18). turn] The word is used in connection with the woman suspected of infidelity (Num. 5), whence the technical term Sotah is derived, the name given to the treatise of the Mishnah and the Talmud dealing with this subject."〕 The process was a trial by ordeal administered to the wife whose husband suspected her of adultery but who had no witnesses to make a formal case (). The ordeal is further explained in the Talmud, in the eponymous seventh tractate of ''Nashim''.
==Hebrew Bible==
The account of the ordeal of bitter water given in the Book of Numbers is as follows:
The ritual is fairly unusual in the Hebrew Bible, and although some scholars think that it might be mentioned in Psalm , there is no other Biblical evidence for the ritual ever having been carried out, nor is its existence acknowledged elsewhere in the Bible.
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